On an Ampere Altra system, the physical memory is populated
sparsely within the physical address space, with only about 0.4%
of physical addresses backed by RAM in the range [0, last_pa].

This is causing the vm_reserv_array to be over-sized by a few
orders of magnitude, wasting roughly 5 GiB on a system with
256 GiB of RAM.

The sparse allocation of vm_reserv_array is controlled by defining
VM_PHYSSEG_SPARSE, with the dense allocation still remaining for
platforms with VM_PHYSSEG_DENSE.

Reviewed by:	markj, alc, kib
Approved by:	scottl (implicit)
MFC after:	1 week
Sponsored by:	Ampere Computing, Inc.
Differential Revision:	https://reviews.freebsd.org/D26130

On Ampere Altra systems, the sparse population of RAM within the
physical address space causes the vm_page_dump bitmap to be much
larger than necessary, increasing the size from ~8 Mib to > 2 Gib
(and overflowing `int` for the size).

Changing the page dump bitmap also changes the minidump file
format, so changes are also necessary in libkvm.

Reviewed by:	jhb
Approved by:	scottl (implicit)
MFC after:	1 week
Sponsored by:	Ampere Computing, Inc.
Differential Revision:	https://reviews.freebsd.org/D26131

These definitions were repeated by all architectures, with small
variations. Consolidate the common definitons in machine
independent code and use bitset(9) macros for manipulation. Many
opportunities for deduplication remain in the machine dependent
minidump logic. The only intended functional change is increasing
the bit index type to vm_pindex_t, allowing the indexing of pages
with address of 8 TiB and greater.

Reviewed by:	kib, markj
Approved by:	scottl (implicit)
MFC after:	1 week
Sponsored by:	Ampere Computing, Inc.
Differential Revision:	https://reviews.freebsd.org/D26129

pmap_update_entry() will temporarily clear the valid bit of page table
entries in order to satisfy the arm64 pmap's break-before-make
constraint.  pmap_kextract() may operate concurrently on kernel page
table pages, introducing windows where the assertions added in r365879
may fail incorrectly since they implicitly assert that the valid bit is
set.  Modify the assertions to handle this.

Reviewed by:	andrew, mmel (previous version)
Reviewed by:	alc, kib
Reported by:	mmel, scottph
MFC with:	r365879

An upcoming patch to use the bitset macros for tracking vm page
dump information could conceivably need more than INT_MAX bits.
Expand the bit type to long so that the extra range is available
on 64-bit platforms where it would most likely be needed.

CPUSET_COUNT and DOMAINSET_COUNT are also modified to remain of
type `int`.

Reviewed by:	kib, markj
Approved by:	scottl (implicit)
MFC after:	1 week
Sponsored by:	Ampere Computing, Inc.
Differential Revision:	https://reviews.freebsd.org/D26190

An upcoming change to include bitset(9) macros from vm_page.h
causes a macro name collision with vchi's custom bitset macros.

This change was performed mechanically by:

  sed -i .orig s/BITSET/VCHI_BITSET/g $(grep -rl BITSET sys/contrib/vchiq)

Reviewed by:	andrew
Approved by:	scottl (implicit)
MFC after:	1 week
Sponsored by:	Ampere Computing, Inc.
Differential Revision:	https://reviews.freebsd.org/D26177

* Split rt_setmetrics into get_info_weight() and rt_set_expire_info(),
 as these two can be applied at different entities and at different times.
* Start filling route weight in route change notifications
* Pass flowid to UDP/raw IP route lookups
* Rework nd6_subscription_cb() and sysctl_dumpentry() to prepare for the fact
 that rtentry can contain multiple nexthops.

Differential Revision:	https://reviews.freebsd.org/D26497

libifconfig now generates file(s) into its .OBJDIR that are essential to the
build. Make sure we -I that in, like we already do in the ^/rescue build.

usr.bin/mkcsmapper/yacc.y:466:18: runtime error: left shift of 1 by 31 places cannot be represented in type 'int'

This applies my upstreamed fix: https://github.com/onetrueawk/awk/commit/ad9bd2f40a89ec9533b92254b86a756cf4f40fd4
Found By:	UBSan

When matching a regex with ^, it would attempt to access
gototab[NSTATES][NCHARS+2], and therefore access the state for the \002
character instead. This change is required to run awk under CHERI (with
sub-object bounds) and when running with UBSan instrumentation.

This was committed upstream as https://github.com/onetrueawk/awk/commit/cbf924342b63a095a4c6842280c3085b1b63ae45

Found by:	CHERI (with subobject bounds enabled)
Obtained from:	CheriBSD
Reviewed By:	imp
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D26509

MFC after:	1 week
Sponsored by:	Dell EMC Isilon

PR:		249384
MFC after:	1 week
Submitted by:	darius@dons.net.au
Sponsored by:	Mellanox Technologies // NVIDIA Networking

Differential Revision:	https://reviews.freebsd.org/D26488
MFC after:	1 week
Reviewed by:	pi, bcr (manpages)
Submitted by:	lutz_donnerhacke.de (Lutz Donnerhacke)
Sponsored by:	Mellanox Technologies // NVIDIA Networking

This fixes a compile issue under gcc6 which complains about
legacy style C function declarations.

Differential Revision:	https://reviews.freebsd.org/D26504

* signed/unsigned comparisons
* use standard warn(3)
* Suppress warnings about local vars and funcs not declared static
* const-correctness
* declaration shadows a variable in the global scope

Reviewed by:	kevans
MFC after:	2 weeks
Differential Revision:	https://reviews.freebsd.org/D26516

Some userspace code include sys/kernel.h. Namely, some OpenZFS tests do
this, and it was causing breakage after r365945 due to a lack of bool
typedef. Userspace should not need the TUNABLE_** stuff, so hide it
behind an #ifdef _KERNEL.

Sorry for the breakage.

Reported by:	andrew, Michael Butler, Jenkins
Discussed with: kevans, allanjude

These are low-effort to add, so let's just do it.

Reported by:	"LukeShu" on Hacker News (-r / --no-run-if-empty)
MFC after:	1 week

    If Unwind_Backtrace is broken, ctx.n will still contain ~0, and we will
    return that which poor behavior for the user, so return 0 instead.
    We could document ~0 to be an error, but that would deviate from the
    Linux behavior which is not desirable. Noted by Poul-Henning Kamp

PR:		209842

Noted by:	alc
Reviewed by:	alc, markj
Sponsored by:	The FreeBSD Foundation
MFC after:	1 week
Differential revision:	https://reviews.freebsd.org/D26499

The Ubuntu /bin/sh (dash) removes all environment variables that contain
characters outside the [a-zA-Z0-9_] range and this breaks the bmake tests that
run as part of bootstrapping bmake.
This can be reverted when the bmake tests have been updated.

This makes it possible to compile on non-FreeBSD systems since make will
usually be GNU make there. Even if they include bmake, it will often
either be a broken version or too old to build FreeBSD.

This should be the last commit needed to compile FreeBSD on Linux+macOS.
After over two years, I've finally managed to upstream all our local CheriBSD
changes to allow building on Linux (and as a result of being reviewed by more
people they are slightly less ugly than they were before).

It should now be possible to run the following to build on Linux+macOS if you
have LLVM/Clang 10 or newer installed:
MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX=/somewhere ./tools/build/make.py TARGET=amd64 TARGET_ARCH=amd64 buildworld

I have only tested macOS 15, Ubuntu 18.04 and openSUSE Leap, but other Linux
distributions might also work (as long as they ship a recent GLibc and compiler).

Reviewed By:	emaste (should be fine to commit to tools/)
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D16767

nvmecontrol tries to upload firmware in chunks as large as it thinks
the device permits. It fails to take into account the FWUG value used
by some drives to advertise the size and alignment limits for firmware
chunks.

  - Use the firwmare update granularity value from the
  - If the granularity is not reported or not restricted, fall back to
    the previously existing logic that calculates the max transfer
    size based on MDTS.
  - Add firmware update granularity to the identify-controller output.

Reviewed by:	imp (previous version), chuck
Obtained from:	Dell EMC Isilon
MFC after:	1 week
Sponsored by:	Dell EMC Isilon
Differential Revision:	https://reviews.freebsd.org/D26390

A small example of how these functions can be used to simplify checks of
this nature.

Sponsored by:	Klara, Inc.
Differential Revision:	https://reviews.freebsd.org/D26271

Reviewed by:	imp, chuck
Obtained from:	Dell EMC Isilon
MFC after:	1 week
Sponsored by:	Dell EMC Isilon
Differential Revision:	https://reviews.freebsd.org/D26390

This adds the getenv_bool() function, to parse a boolean value from a
kernel environment variable or tunable. This works for traditional
boolean values like "0" and "1", and also "true" and "false"
(case-insensitive). These semantics do not yet apply to sysctls declared
using SYSCTL_BOOL with CTLFLAG_TUN (they still only parse 1 and 0).

Also added are two wrapper functions, getenv_is_true() and
getenv_is_false(). These are slightly simpler for callers wishing to
perform a single check of a configuration variable.

Reviewed by:	jhb (slightly earlier version)
Sponsored by:	NetApp, Inc.
Sponsored by:	Klara, Inc.
Differential Revision:	https://reviews.freebsd.org/D26270

OTG mode is not supported still.  It's easy to do it as a one-off
detection, but the proper support requires continuous monitoring and
communicating the current state to the USB layer.

Also, fix phy0_route setting for H3.  Remove duplicate register
definitions.

Tested on Orange Pi PC Plus with dr_mode="peripheral" using
  hw.usb.template=3
  umodem_load="YES"

Reviewed by:	manu
MFC after:	5 weeks
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D26348

This absolute include causes a build failure on Linux for me:
.../cheri/freebsd/contrib/nvi/cl/../common/common.h:10:10: fatal error: '/usr/include/db.h' file not found

This change patches the file to use #include <db.h> instead until a
solution has been found upstream. See also https://github.com/lichray/nvi2/issues/69

Reviewed By:	bapt
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D26480

Reviewed By:	kevans
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D26479

Otherwise we get lots of warnings when building on Linux/macOS during
installworld:
Scanning /local/scratch/alr48/cheri/output/freebsd-x86/usr/share/certs/blacklisted for certificates...
install: invalid option -- 'U'
Try 'install --help' for more information.
install: invalid option -- 'U'
....

Reviewed By:	kevans
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D26481

bootonce feature is temporary, one time boot, activated by
"bectl activate -t BE", "bectl activate -T BE" will reset the bootonce flag.

By default, the bootonce setting is reset on attempt to boot and the next
boot will use previously active BE.

By setting zfs_bootonce_activate="YES" in rc.conf, the bootonce BE will
be set permanently active.

bootonce dataset name is recorded in boot pool labels, bootenv area.

in case of nextboot, the nextboot_enable boolean variable is recorded in
freebsd:nvstore nvlist, also stored in boot pool label bootenv area.
On boot, the loader will process /boot/nextboot.conf if nextboot_enable
is "YES", and will set nextboot_enable to "NO", preventing /boot/nextboot.conf
processing on next boot.

bootonce and nextboot features are usable in both UEFI and BIOS boot.

To use bootonce/nextboot features, the boot loader needs to be updated on disk;
if loader.efi is stored on ESP, then ESP needs to be updated and
for BIOS boot, stage2 (zfsboot or gptzfsboot) needs to be updated
(gpart or other tools).

At this time, only lua loader is updated.

Sponsored by:	Netflix, Klara Inc.
Differential Revision:	https://reviews.freebsd.org/D25512

This was broken in r357940 which introduced the __typeof use. We need
the volatile qualifier to be on the pointee not the pointer otherwise it
does nothing. This was found by mhorne in D26498, noticing there was a
problem (a spin loop condition was hoisted for RISC-V boot code) but not
the root cause of it.

Reported by:	mhorne
Reviewed by:	mhorne, mjg
Approved by:	mhorne, mjg
Differential Revision:	https://reviews.freebsd.org/D26500

Possible in LA57 pmap config.

Noted by:	alc
Reviewed by:	alc, markj
Sponsored by:	The FreeBSD Foundation
Differential revision:	https://reviews.freebsd.org/D26492

Remove "opt_mpath.h" header where not needed.

No functional changes.

It should be at least as large as the maximum value of caheline size
for currently known CPUs.

MFC after:	2 weeks

MFC after:	1 week

Noticed by:	mav
MFC after:	1 month
MFC with:	r365899

* Zero gw_sdl if switching to interface route - the assumption
 that underlying storage is zeroed is incorrect with route changes.
* Apply proper flag mask to rte.

Reported by:	vangyzen

by Steve Kargl:

- Use sincos[f] instead of a call to cos[f] and a call to sin[f].

- While here, alphabetize declaration.

Submitted by:   sgk at troutmask.apl.washington.edu (Steve Kargl)

- Micro-optimization: use sincosl(x) instead of a call to cosl(x) and
  a call to sinl(x).  Argument reduction is done once not twice.

- Use a long double constant instead of an invalid double constant.

- Spell scale2 correctly

He could not test ld128, so that patch is untested.

Submitted by:	sgk at troutmask.apl.washington.edu (Steve Kargl)